{"id":768,"date":"2026-02-23T22:08:23","date_gmt":"2026-02-23T14:08:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.itsmygo.uk\/2026\/02\/23\/%e3%80%90%e7%b3%bb%e7%b5%b1%e8%a8%ad%e8%a8%88-20-%e6%a6%82%e5%bf%b5%e3%80%9101-%e7%b6%b2%e8%b7%af%e5%9f%ba%e7%a4%8e-ip-address%e3%80%81tcp-ip%e3%80%81dns%e3%80%81http\/"},"modified":"2026-02-23T22:08:23","modified_gmt":"2026-02-23T14:08:23","slug":"%e3%80%90%e7%b3%bb%e7%b5%b1%e8%a8%ad%e8%a8%88-20-%e6%a6%82%e5%bf%b5%e3%80%9101-%e7%b6%b2%e8%b7%af%e5%9f%ba%e7%a4%8e-ip-address%e3%80%81tcp-ip%e3%80%81dns%e3%80%81http","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.itsmygo.uk\/wordpress\/2026\/02\/23\/%e3%80%90%e7%b3%bb%e7%b5%b1%e8%a8%ad%e8%a8%88-20-%e6%a6%82%e5%bf%b5%e3%80%9101-%e7%b6%b2%e8%b7%af%e5%9f%ba%e7%a4%8e-ip-address%e3%80%81tcp-ip%e3%80%81dns%e3%80%81http\/","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u7cfb\u7d71\u8a2d\u8a08 20 \u6982\u5ff5\u3011#01 \u7db2\u8def\u57fa\u790e &#8212; IP Address\u3001TCP\/IP\u3001DNS\u3001HTTP"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"quiz-5626bfae\">\n<style>\n#quiz-5626bfae .question {\n        background: white;\n        border-radius: 8px;\n        padding: 20px;\n        margin: 20px 0;\n        box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);\n      }#quiz-5626bfae .question h3 {\n        margin-top: 0;\n        color: #333;\n      }#quiz-5626bfae .options {\n        list-style: none;\n        padding: 0;\n      }#quiz-5626bfae .options li {\n        padding: 12px 15px;\n        margin: 8px 0;\n        border: 2px solid #ddd;\n        border-radius: 6px;\n        cursor: pointer;\n        transition: all 0.2s;\n      }#quiz-5626bfae .options li:hover:not(.disabled) {\n        border-color: #4caf50;\n        background: #f0fff0;\n      }#quiz-5626bfae .options li.correct {\n        border-color: #4caf50;\n        background: #e8f5e9;\n      }#quiz-5626bfae .options li.wrong {\n        border-color: #f44336;\n        background: #ffebee;\n      }#quiz-5626bfae .options li.disabled {\n        cursor: default;\n        opacity: 0.7;\n      }#quiz-5626bfae .options li.show-answer {\n        border-color: #4caf50;\n        background: #e8f5e9;\n      }#quiz-5626bfae .feedback {\n        margin-top: 15px;\n        padding: 12px;\n        border-radius: 6px;\n        display: none;\n      }#quiz-5626bfae .feedback.correct {\n        background: #e8f5e9;\n        color: #2e7d32;\n        display: block;\n      }#quiz-5626bfae .feedback.wrong {\n        background: #ffebee;\n        color: #c62828;\n        display: block;\n      }#quiz-5626bfae .score {\n        text-align: center;\n        font-size: 1.5em;\n        padding: 20px;\n        background: white;\n        border-radius: 8px;\n        margin-top: 20px;\n      }#quiz-5626bfae .code-block {\n        background: #1e1e1e;\n        color: #d4d4d4;\n        padding: 14px;\n        border-radius: 6px;\n        font-family: \"Monaco\", \"Consolas\", \"Courier New\", monospace;\n        font-size: 0.9em;\n        overflow-x: auto;\n        margin: 12px 0;\n        white-space: pre-wrap;\n      }\n<\/style>\n<h1>\u6e2c\u9a57\uff1a\u7db2\u8def\u57fa\u790e \u2014 IP Address\u3001TCP\/IP\u3001DNS\u3001HTTP<\/h1>\n    <p>\u5171 5 \u984c\uff0c\u9ede\u9078\u7b54\u6848\u5f8c\u6703\u7acb\u5373\u986f\u793a\u7d50\u679c<\/p>\n\n    <div class=\"question\" id=\"q1\">\n      <h3>1. DNS \u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f<\/h3>\n      <ul class=\"options\">\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswer(1, 'A', 'B')\">A. \u52a0\u5bc6\u7db2\u8def\u50b3\u8f38\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u8cc7\u6599\u88ab\u7aca\u807d<\/li>\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswer(1, 'B', 'B')\">B. \u5c07\u4eba\u985e\u53ef\u8b80\u7684\u57df\u540d\u8f49\u63db\u70ba\u96fb\u8166\u53ef\u8b80\u7684 IP \u4f4d\u5740<\/li>\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswer(1, 'C', 'B')\">C. \u78ba\u4fdd\u8cc7\u6599\u5c01\u5305\u6309\u9806\u5e8f\u5b8c\u6574\u5230\u9054\u76ee\u7684\u5730<\/li>\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswer(1, 'D', 'B')\">D. \u5b9a\u7fa9\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u8207\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u8acb\u6c42\u8207\u56de\u61c9\u683c\u5f0f<\/li>\n      <\/ul>\n      <div class=\"feedback\" id=\"fb1\"><\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"question\" id=\"q2\">\n      <h3>2. \u5728 TCP \u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e09\u500b\u6b65\u9a5f\u4f9d\u5e8f\u767c\u9001\u7684\u8a0a\u606f\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f<\/h3>\n      <ul class=\"options\">\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswer(2, 'A', 'C')\">A. ACK \u2192 SYN \u2192 SYN-ACK<\/li>\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswer(2, 'B', 'C')\">B. SYN-ACK \u2192 ACK \u2192 SYN<\/li>\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswer(2, 'C', 'C')\">C. SYN \u2192 SYN-ACK \u2192 ACK<\/li>\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswer(2, 'D', 'C')\">D. ACK \u2192 ACK \u2192 SYN<\/li>\n      <\/ul>\n      <div class=\"feedback\" id=\"fb2\"><\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"question\" id=\"q3\">\n      <h3>3. \u4f60\u7684 API \u56de\u50b3 HTTP \u72c0\u614b\u78bc <code>401 Unauthorized<\/code>\uff0c\u9019\u4ee3\u8868\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f<\/h3>\n      <ul class=\"options\">\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswer(3, 'A', 'D')\">A. \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u5167\u90e8\u767c\u751f\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u8655\u7406\u8acb\u6c42<\/li>\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswer(3, 'B', 'D')\">B. \u8acb\u6c42\u7684\u8cc7\u6e90\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728<\/li>\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswer(3, 'C', 'D')\">C. \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u77e5\u9053\u4f60\u662f\u8ab0\uff0c\u4f46\u4f60\u6c92\u6709\u5b58\u53d6\u6b0a\u9650<\/li>\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswer(3, 'D', 'D')\">D. \u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u5c1a\u672a\u767b\u5165\u6216\u8eab\u4efd\u9a57\u8b49\u5931\u6557<\/li>\n      <\/ul>\n      <div class=\"feedback\" id=\"fb3\"><\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"question\" id=\"q4\">\n      <h3>4. \u4ee5\u4e0b\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u4e2d\uff0c<code>host=\"0.0.0.0\"<\/code> \u548c <code>host=\"127.0.0.1\"<\/code> \u7684\u5dee\u5225\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f<\/h3>\n      <div class=\"code-block\">app.run(host=&#8221;0.0.0.0&#8243;, port=5000)\n# vs\napp.run(host=&#8221;127.0.0.1&#8243;, port=5000)<\/div>\n      <ul class=\"options\">\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswer(4, 'A', 'B')\">A. <code>0.0.0.0<\/code> \u53ea\u5141\u8a31\u672c\u6a5f\u5b58\u53d6\uff0c<code>127.0.0.1<\/code> \u5141\u8a31\u5916\u90e8\u9023\u5165<\/li>\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswer(4, 'B', 'B')\">B. <code>0.0.0.0<\/code> \u76e3\u807d\u6240\u6709\u7db2\u8def\u4ecb\u9762\uff08\u5916\u90e8\u53ef\u9023\u5165\uff09\uff0c<code>127.0.0.1<\/code> \u53ea\u9650\u672c\u6a5f\u5b58\u53d6<\/li>\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswer(4, 'C', 'B')\">C. \u5169\u8005\u529f\u80fd\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5beb\u6cd5\u4e0d\u540c<\/li>\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswer(4, 'D', 'B')\">D. <code>0.0.0.0<\/code> \u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a IP\uff0c\u7cfb\u7d71\u6703\u81ea\u52d5\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u500b\u96a8\u6a5f IP<\/li>\n      <\/ul>\n      <div class=\"feedback\" id=\"fb4\"><\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"question\" id=\"q5\">\n      <h3>5. \u5728\u8a2d\u8a08\u932f\u8aa4\u91cd\u8a66\u6a5f\u5236\u6642\uff0c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6536\u5230 HTTP 4xx \u72c0\u614b\u78bc\u6642\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\u91cd\u8a66\uff1f<\/h3>\n      <ul class=\"options\">\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswer(5, 'A', 'C')\">A. \u56e0\u70ba 4xx \u4ee3\u8868\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u6b63\u5728\u7dad\u4fee\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7b49\u5f85\u6062\u5fa9<\/li>\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswer(5, 'B', 'C')\">B. \u56e0\u70ba 4xx \u4ee3\u8868\u7db2\u8def\u9023\u7dda\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u91cd\u8a66\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u5c01\u5305\u91cd\u8907<\/li>\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswer(5, 'C', 'C')\">C. \u56e0\u70ba 4xx \u4ee3\u8868\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u7684\u8acb\u6c42\u6709\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u7528\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u8acb\u6c42\u91cd\u8a66\u7d50\u679c\u4e0d\u6703\u6539\u8b8a<\/li>\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswer(5, 'D', 'C')\">D. \u56e0\u70ba 4xx \u4ee3\u8868 DNS \u89e3\u6790\u5931\u6557\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5148\u6e05\u9664 DNS \u5feb\u53d6<\/li>\n      <\/ul>\n      <div class=\"feedback\" id=\"fb5\"><\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"score\" id=\"score\" style=\"display:none;\"><\/div>\n<script>\n\n      let answered = 0;\n      let correct = 0;\n      const total = 5;\n      const explanations = {\n        1: \"DNS\uff08Domain Name System\uff09\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u628a\u4eba\u985e\u770b\u5f97\u61c2\u7684\u57df\u540d\uff08\u5982 google.com\uff09\u8f49\u63db\u6210\u96fb\u8166\u770b\u5f97\u61c2\u7684 IP \u4f4d\u5740\uff08\u5982 142.250.185.206\uff09\u3002\u52a0\u5bc6\u662f HTTPS\/TLS \u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u5c01\u5305\u5b8c\u6574\u662f TCP \u7684\u8077\u8cac\uff0c\u5b9a\u7fa9\u8acb\u6c42\u56de\u61c9\u683c\u5f0f\u662f HTTP \u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\",\n        2: \"TCP \u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u7684\u6b63\u78ba\u9806\u5e8f\u662f\uff1a(1) \u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u767c\u9001 SYN\uff08\u6211\u60f3\u9023\u7dda\uff09\u2192 (2) \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u56de\u8986 SYN-ACK\uff08\u597d\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u6e96\u5099\u597d\u4e86\uff09\u2192 (3) \u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u767c\u9001 ACK\uff08\u6536\u5230\uff0c\u958b\u59cb\u50b3\u5427\uff09\u3002\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u5b8c\u6210\u5f8c\u624d\u6703\u958b\u59cb\u50b3\u8f38\u8cc7\u6599\u3002\",\n        3: \"401 Unauthorized \u7684\u767d\u8a71\u7ffb\u8b6f\u662f\u300c\u4f60\u8ab0\uff1f\u5148\u767b\u5165\u300d\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u5c1a\u672a\u901a\u904e\u8eab\u4efd\u9a57\u8b49\u3002\u6ce8\u610f 401 \u548c 403 \u7684\u5340\u5225\uff1a401 \u662f\u300c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4f60\u662f\u8ab0\u300d\uff08\u672a\u767b\u5165\uff09\uff0c403 \u662f\u300c\u77e5\u9053\u4f60\u662f\u8ab0\uff0c\u4f46\u4f60\u6c92\u6b0a\u9650\u300d\u3002500 \u662f\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u81ea\u5df1\u58de\u4e86\uff0c404 \u662f\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u8cc7\u6e90\u3002\",\n        4: \"<code>0.0.0.0<\/code> \u8868\u793a\u76e3\u807d\u6240\u6709\u7db2\u8def\u4ecb\u9762\uff0c\u5916\u90e8\u88dd\u7f6e\u4e5f\u80fd\u9023\u9032\u4f86\uff1b<code>127.0.0.1<\/code>\uff08\u5373 localhost\uff09\u8868\u793a\u53ea\u6709\u672c\u6a5f\u80fd\u5b58\u53d6\u3002\u9019\u5728\u90e8\u7f72\u61c9\u7528\u6642\u662f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8003\u91cf\u2014\u2014\u958b\u767c\u6642\u7528 127.0.0.1 \u8f03\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u8981\u5c0d\u5916\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52d9\u6642\u624d\u7528 0.0.0.0\u3002\",\n        5: \"4xx \u72c0\u614b\u78bc\u4ee3\u8868\u300c\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u932f\u8aa4\u300d\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u8457\u8acb\u6c42\u672c\u8eab\u6709\u554f\u984c\uff08\u683c\u5f0f\u932f\u8aa4\u3001\u672a\u6388\u6b0a\u3001\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u8cc7\u6e90\u7b49\uff09\u3002\u7528\u540c\u6a23\u6709\u554f\u984c\u7684\u8acb\u6c42\u91cd\u8a66\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u4e0d\u6703\u6539\u8b8a\u3002\u800c 5xx \u4ee3\u8868\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7aef\u51fa\u932f\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u66ab\u6642\u6027\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u91cd\u8a66\u624d\u6709\u610f\u7fa9\u3002\"\n      };\n\n      function checkAnswer(qNum, selected, correctAns) {\n        const question = document.getElementById(\"q\" + qNum);\n        if (question.classList.contains(\"answered\")) return;\n\n        question.classList.add(\"answered\");\n        answered++;\n\n        const options = question.querySelectorAll(\".options li\");\n        options.forEach((opt) => {\n          opt.classList.add(\"disabled\");\n          if (opt.textContent.startsWith(correctAns + \".\")) {\n            opt.classList.add(\"show-answer\");\n          }\n        });\n\n        const feedback = document.getElementById(\"fb\" + qNum);\n        if (selected === correctAns) {\n          correct++;\n          feedback.className = \"feedback correct\";\n          feedback.innerHTML = \"&#10003; \u6b63\u78ba\uff01\" + explanations[qNum];\n        } else {\n          feedback.className = \"feedback wrong\";\n          feedback.innerHTML =\n            \"&#10007; \u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u6b63\u78ba\u7b54\u6848\u662f \" + correctAns + \"\u3002\" + explanations[qNum];\n          options.forEach((opt) => {\n            if (opt.textContent.startsWith(selected + \".\")) {\n              opt.classList.add(\"wrong\");\n            }\n          });\n        }\n\n        if (answered === total) {\n          const scoreDiv = document.getElementById(\"score\");\n          scoreDiv.style.display = \"block\";\n          scoreDiv.innerHTML =\n            \"\u6e2c\u9a57\u5b8c\u6210\uff01\u5f97\u5206\uff1a\" +\n            correct +\n            \" \/ \" +\n            total +\n            (correct === total\n              ? \" \ud83c\udf89 \u5168\u5c0d\uff01\"\n              : correct >= Math.ceil(total * 0.6)\n                ? \" \ud83d\udc4d \u4e0d\u932f\uff01\"\n                : \" \ud83d\udcda \u518d\u8907\u7fd2\u4e00\u4e0b\u5427\");\n        }\n      }\n    \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">**\u7cfb\u5217**\uff1a\u7cfb\u7d71\u8a2d\u8a08 20 \u6982\u5ff5\uff08\u7b2c 1 \u7bc7\uff0c\u5171 5 \u7bc7\uff09<br>**\u96e3\u5ea6**\uff1aL2-\u9032\u968e<br>**\u524d\u7f6e\u77e5\u8b58**\uff1a\u7121\uff08\u5f9e\u96f6\u958b\u59cb\uff09<br>**\u53c3\u8003\u4f86\u6e90**\uff1a20 System Design Concepts Explained in 10 Minutes &#8212; NeetCode (YouTube)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\u660e<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7db2\u8def\u901a\u8a0a\u7684\u56db\u6839\u652f\u67f1\uff1aIP \u544a\u8a34\u4f60\u300c\u627e\u8ab0\u300d\u3001TCP \u78ba\u4fdd\u300c\u9001\u5230\u300d\u3001DNS \u5e6b\u4f60\u300c\u67e5\u865f\u78bc\u300d\u3001HTTP \u898f\u5b9a\u300c\u600e\u9ebc\u5c0d\u8a71\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc Vibe Coder \u9700\u8981\u61c2\u9019\u4e9b\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f60\u7528 AI \u751f\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u5f8c\u7aef API\uff0c\u90e8\u7f72\u5230\u96f2\u7aef\u5f8c\u6536\u5230 <code>502 Bad Gateway<\/code>\u3002\u4f60\u554f AI\u300c\u600e\u9ebc\u4fee\uff1f\u300dAI \u56de\u4f60\u4e00\u4e32\u5305\u542b DNS\u3001TCP timeout\u3001HTTP status code \u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u9019\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\uff0cAI \u7684\u56de\u7b54\u8ddf\u5929\u66f8\u6c92\u5169\u6a23\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9019\u56db\u500b\u6982\u5ff5\u662f<strong>\u6240\u6709\u7db2\u8def\u61c9\u7528\u7684\u5730\u57fa<\/strong>\u3002\u4e0d\u7ba1\u4f60\u662f\u7528 AI \u5beb API\u3001\u67b6\u7db2\u7ad9\u3001\u9084\u662f\u8a2d\u8a08\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u5728\u80cc\u5f8c\u904b\u4f5c\u3002\u641e\u61c2\u5b83\u5011\uff0c\u4f60\u624d\u80fd\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\n<li>\u770b\u61c2 AI \u5e6b\u4f60\u5beb\u7684\u7db2\u8def\u76f8\u95dc\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc<\/li>\n\n\n<li>\u8b80\u61c2\u932f\u8aa4\u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u77e5\u9053\u554f\u984c\u51fa\u5728\u54ea\u4e00\u5c64<\/li>\n\n\n<li>\u5728\u7cfb\u7d71\u8a2d\u8a08\u9762\u8a66\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u8a5e\u5f59\u63cf\u8ff0\u67b6\u69cb<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. IP Address &#8212; \u7db2\u8def\u4e0a\u7684\u9580\u724c\u865f\u78bc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6bd4\u55bb<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u60f3\u50cf\u6574\u500b\u7db2\u969b\u7db2\u8def\u662f\u4e00\u5ea7\u8d85\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u3002\u6bcf\u68df\u5efa\u7bc9\uff08\u6bcf\u53f0\u8a2d\u5099\uff09\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u500b<strong>\u9580\u724c\u865f\u78bc<\/strong>\uff0c\u5225\u4eba\u624d\u77e5\u9053\u600e\u9ebc\u627e\u5230\u4f60\u3002\u9019\u500b\u9580\u724c\u865f\u78bc\u5c31\u662f IP Address\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">IP Address\uff08Internet Protocol Address\uff09\u662f\u7db2\u8def\u4e0a\u6bcf\u53f0\u8a2d\u5099\u7684<strong>\u552f\u4e00\u8b58\u5225\u78bc<\/strong>\u3002\u4f60\u7684\u624b\u6a5f\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u3001\u4f60\u5bb6\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u3001Google \u7684\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">IPv4 vs IPv6\uff1a\u4e00\u53e5\u8a71\u5340\u5206<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>IPv4<\/th>\n<th>IPv6<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u9577\u76f8<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><code>192.168.1.1<\/code><\/td>\n<td><code>2001:0db8:85a3::8a2e:0370:7334<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u683c\u5f0f<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>4 \u7d44\u6578\u5b57\uff0c\u6bcf\u7d44 0-255<\/td>\n<td>8 \u7d44\u5341\u516d\u9032\u4f4d\uff0c\u7528\u5192\u865f\u5206\u9694<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u6578\u91cf<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u7d04 43 \u5104\u500b<\/td>\n<td>\u5e7e\u4e4e\u7121\u9650\uff083.4 x 10^38\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u73fe\u72c0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u5feb\u7528\u5b8c\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u9084\u662f\u4e3b\u6d41<\/td>\n<td>\u9010\u6b65\u666e\u53ca\u4e2d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u767d\u8a71\u7ffb\u8b6f<\/strong>\uff1aIPv4 \u662f\u820a\u7248\u9580\u724c\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u865f\u78bc\u5feb\u767c\u5b8c\u4e86\uff1bIPv6 \u662f\u65b0\u7248\uff0c\u865f\u78bc\u591a\u5230\u7528\u4e0d\u5b8c\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5730\u65b9\u9084\u5728\u7528\u820a\u7248\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4f60\u6703\u5728\u54ea\u88e1\u9047\u5230\u5b83<\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-1\" data-shcb-language-name=\"CSS\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"css\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-css\"># \u67e5\u770b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 <span class=\"hljs-selector-tag\">IP<\/span>\n<span class=\"hljs-selector-tag\">curl<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-selector-tag\">ifconfig<\/span><span class=\"hljs-selector-class\">.me<\/span>\n# \u53ef\u80fd\u56de\u50b3\uff1a203<span class=\"hljs-selector-class\">.45<\/span><span class=\"hljs-selector-class\">.67<\/span><span class=\"hljs-selector-class\">.89<\/span>\n\n# <span class=\"hljs-selector-tag\">ping<\/span> \u4e00\u500b\u7db2\u7ad9\uff0c\u770b\u5b83\u7684 <span class=\"hljs-selector-tag\">IP<\/span>\n<span class=\"hljs-selector-tag\">ping<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-selector-tag\">google<\/span><span class=\"hljs-selector-class\">.com<\/span>\n# <span class=\"hljs-selector-tag\">PING<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-selector-tag\">google<\/span><span class=\"hljs-selector-class\">.com<\/span> (142<span class=\"hljs-selector-class\">.250<\/span><span class=\"hljs-selector-class\">.185<\/span><span class=\"hljs-selector-class\">.206<\/span>)\n<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-1\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">CSS<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">css<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-2\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PHP\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"php\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-php\"><span class=\"hljs-comment\"># AI \u5e6b\u4f60\u5beb\u7684 Flask \u61c9\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u9019\u884c<\/span>\napp.run(host=<span class=\"hljs-string\">\"0.0.0.0\"<\/span>, port=<span class=\"hljs-number\">5000<\/span>)\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\"># \u2191 0.0.0.0 \u8868\u793a\u300c\u76e3\u807d\u6240\u6709 IP \u4f4d\u5740\u300d\uff0c\u8b93\u5916\u90e8\u4e5f\u80fd\u9023\u9032\u4f86<\/span>\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\"># \u5982\u679c\u5beb 127.0.0.1 \u5c31\u53ea\u6709\u672c\u6a5f\u80fd\u5b58\u53d6<\/span>\n<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-2\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PHP<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">php<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5fc5\u770b\u61c2 vs \u77e5\u9053\u5c31\u597d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u5fc5\u770b\u61c2<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\n<li><code>127.0.0.1<\/code> \u6216 <code>localhost<\/code> &#8212; \u6307\u7684\u662f\u300c\u9019\u53f0\u96fb\u8166\u81ea\u5df1\u300d<\/li>\n\n\n<li><code>0.0.0.0<\/code> &#8212; \u76e3\u807d\u6240\u6709\u7db2\u8def\u4ecb\u9762<\/li>\n\n\n<li>IP \u662f\u4e00\u4e32\u6578\u5b57\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u8a18\u4e0d\u4f4f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u8981 DNS\uff08\u4e0b\u9762\u6703\u8b1b\uff09<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u77e5\u9053\u5c31\u597d<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\n<li>\u5b50\u7db2\u8def\u906e\u7f69\uff08Subnet Mask\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n<li>NAT\uff08Network Address Translation\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n<li>\u516c\u6709 IP vs \u79c1\u6709 IP \u7684\u7d30\u7bc0<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. TCP\/IP &#8212; \u78ba\u4fdd\u5305\u88f9\u5b8c\u6574\u9001\u9054\u7684\u5feb\u905e\u7cfb\u7d71<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6bd4\u55bb<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f60\u5728\u7db2\u8def\u4e0a\u50b3\u4e00\u5f35\u7167\u7247\uff0c\u9019\u5f35\u7167\u7247\u6703\u88ab\u5207\u6210\u5f88\u591a\u5c0f\u5305\u88f9\uff08packet\uff09\u5206\u5225\u5bc4\u51fa\u3002TCP \u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u500b<strong>\u8d85\u7d1a\u8ca0\u8cac\u7684\u5feb\u905e\u54e1<\/strong>\uff1a\u4ed6\u6703\u78ba\u8a8d\u6bcf\u500b\u5305\u88f9\u90fd\u9001\u5230\u4e86\uff0c\u9806\u5e8f\u4e5f\u6c92\u4e82\uff0c\u5c11\u4e86\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u500b\u90fd\u6703\u91cd\u5bc4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">TCP\uff08Transmission Control Protocol\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e<strong>\u50b3\u8f38\u5354\u5b9a<\/strong>\uff0c\u5b83\u642d\u914d IP \u4e00\u8d77\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\n<li><strong>IP \u8ca0\u8cac\u5b9a\u5740<\/strong>\uff1a\u77e5\u9053\u8981\u9001\u53bb\u54ea\u88e1<\/li>\n\n\n<li><strong>TCP \u8ca0\u8cac\u53ef\u9760\u50b3\u8f38<\/strong>\uff1a\u78ba\u4fdd\u8cc7\u6599\u5b8c\u6574\u3001\u6309\u9806\u5e8f\u5230\u9054<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5169\u500b\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u5c31\u662f TCP\/IP\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u7db2\u969b\u7db2\u8def\u901a\u8a0a\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\uff1a\u5efa\u7acb\u9023\u7dda\u7684\u6697\u865f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">TCP \u5728\u6b63\u5f0f\u50b3\u8cc7\u6599\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u548c\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u8981\u5148\u300c\u4ea4\u63db\u6697\u865f\u300d\u78ba\u8a8d\u96d9\u65b9\u90fd\u5728\u7dda\u3002\u9019\u500b\u904e\u7a0b\u53eb <strong>Three-Way Handshake\uff08\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-3\" data-shcb-language-name=\"HTML, XML\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"xml\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-xml\">\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef                          \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\n   |                               |\n   |--- SYN\uff08\u563f\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u9023\u7dda\uff09-------&gt;|   \u7b2c 1 \u6b21\n   |                               |\n   |<span class=\"hljs-tag\">&lt;<span class=\"hljs-name\">--<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-attr\">SYN-ACK<\/span>\uff08\u597d\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u6e96\u5099\u597d\u4e86\uff09<span class=\"hljs-attr\">-<\/span>|   \u7b2c <span class=\"hljs-attr\">2<\/span> \u6b21\n   |                               |\n   |<span class=\"hljs-attr\">---<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-attr\">ACK<\/span>\uff08\u6536\u5230\uff0c\u958b\u59cb\u50b3\u5427\uff01\uff09<span class=\"hljs-attr\">----<\/span>&gt;<\/span>|   \u7b2c 3 \u6b21\n   |                               |\n   |====== \u958b\u59cb\u50b3\u8f38\u8cc7\u6599 ===========|\n<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-3\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">HTML, XML<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">xml<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u767d\u8a71\u7ffb\u8b6f<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\n<li>\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u563f\uff0c\u4f60\u5728\u55ce\uff1f\u6211\u60f3\u8ddf\u4f60\u8b1b\u8a71\u3002\u300d\uff08SYN\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n<li>\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u5728\u554a\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u6e96\u5099\u597d\u4e86\u3002\u300d\uff08SYN-ACK\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n<li>\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u597d\uff0c\u90a3\u6211\u5011\u958b\u59cb\u5427\uff01\u300d\uff08ACK\uff09<\/li>\n\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u9023\u7dda\u624d\u6b63\u5f0f\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u8cc7\u6599\u624d\u958b\u59cb\u50b3\u9001\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">TCP vs UDP\uff1a\u5feb\u905e vs \u5ee3\u64ad<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>TCP<\/th>\n<th>UDP<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u53ef\u9760\u6027<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u4fdd\u8b49\u9001\u9054\uff0c\u907a\u5931\u6703\u91cd\u50b3<\/td>\n<td>\u4e0d\u4fdd\u8b49\uff0c\u4e1f\u4e86\u5c31\u4e1f\u4e86<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u901f\u5ea6<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u8f03\u6162\uff08\u8981\u78ba\u8a8d\u6bcf\u500b\u5305\u88f9\uff09<\/td>\n<td>\u8f03\u5feb\uff08\u4e1f\u51fa\u53bb\u5c31\u4e0d\u7ba1\u4e86\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u9069\u7528\u5834\u666f<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u7db2\u9801\u700f\u89bd\u3001\u6a94\u6848\u50b3\u8f38\u3001API \u547c\u53eb<\/td>\n<td>\u76f4\u64ad\u4e32\u6d41\u3001\u7dda\u4e0a\u904a\u6232\u3001DNS \u67e5\u8a62<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u6bd4\u55bb<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u639b\u865f\u4fe1\uff08\u6709\u7c3d\u6536\u56de\u689d\uff09<\/td>\n<td>\u50b3\u55ae\uff08\u585e\u9032\u4fe1\u7bb1\u5c31\u8d70\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4f60\u6703\u5728\u54ea\u88e1\u9047\u5230\u5b83<\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-4\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PHP\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"php\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-php\"><span class=\"hljs-comment\"># AI \u5e6b\u4f60\u5beb\u7684 WebSocket \u9023\u7dda<\/span>\nimport websockets\n\nasync def connect():\n    async with websockets.connect(<span class=\"hljs-string\">\"ws:\/\/localhost:8765\"<\/span>) <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">as<\/span> ws:\n        await ws.send(<span class=\"hljs-string\">\"Hello\"<\/span>)\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\"># \u2191 WebSocket \u5e95\u5c64\u7528\u7684\u662f TCP\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9023\u7dda\u662f\u53ef\u9760\u7684<\/span>\n<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-4\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PHP<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">php<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-5\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PHP\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"php\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-php\"><span class=\"hljs-comment\"># \u6aa2\u67e5\u67d0\u500b port \u6709\u6c92\u6709\u5728\u76e3\u806f<\/span>\nnetstat -tlnp | grep <span class=\"hljs-number\">8080<\/span>\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\"># t = TCP, l = listening, n = \u7528\u6578\u5b57\u986f\u793a, p = \u986f\u793a\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/span>\n<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-5\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PHP<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">php<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5fc5\u770b\u61c2 vs \u77e5\u9053\u5c31\u597d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u5fc5\u770b\u61c2<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\n<li>TCP = \u53ef\u9760\u4f46\u8f03\u6162\uff0cUDP = \u5feb\u4f46\u4e0d\u4fdd\u8b49\u9001\u9054<\/li>\n\n\n<li>\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff08\u9762\u8a66\u5e38\u8003\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n<li>Port\uff08\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\uff09\uff1aIP \u662f\u9580\u724c\uff0cPort \u662f\u623f\u9593\u865f\u3002\u4e00\u53f0\u96fb\u8166\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u6642\u8dd1\u591a\u500b\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u9760 Port \u5340\u5206<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u77e5\u9053\u5c31\u597d<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\n<li>TCP \u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\uff08Flow Control\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n<li>\u58c5\u585e\u63a7\u5236\uff08Congestion Control\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n<li>\u5c01\u5305\u7684\u8a73\u7d30\u7d50\u69cb<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. DNS &#8212; \u7db2\u969b\u7db2\u8def\u7684\u96fb\u8a71\u7c3f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6bd4\u55bb<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f60\u60f3\u6253\u96fb\u8a71\u7d66\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u4f46\u4f60\u53ea\u8a18\u5f97\u4ed6\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u4e0d\u8a18\u5f97\u96fb\u8a71\u865f\u78bc\u3002\u600e\u9ebc\u8fa6\uff1f\u7ffb\u96fb\u8a71\u7c3f\u3002DNS \u5c31\u662f\u7db2\u969b\u7db2\u8def\u7684<strong>\u96fb\u8a71\u7c3f<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f60\u8f38\u5165 <code>google.com<\/code>\uff08\u540d\u5b57\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u5e6b\u4f60\u627e\u5230 <code>142.250.185.206<\/code>\uff08\u96fb\u8a71\u865f\u78bc\/IP\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">DNS\uff08Domain Name System\uff09\u8ca0\u8cac\u628a<strong>\u4eba\u985e\u770b\u5f97\u61c2\u7684\u57df\u540d<\/strong>\u8f49\u63db\u6210<strong>\u96fb\u8166\u770b\u5f97\u61c2\u7684 IP \u4f4d\u5740<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u9700\u8981\u5b83\uff1f\u56e0\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u8a18\u4e0d\u4f4f <code>142.250.185.206<\/code>\uff0c\u4f46\u8a18\u5f97\u4f4f <code>google.com<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">DNS \u67e5\u8a62\u6d41\u7a0b\uff1a\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u627e\u5230\u96fb\u8a71\u865f\u78bc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7576\u4f60\u5728\u700f\u89bd\u5668\u8f38\u5165 <code>www.example.com<\/code> \u6642\uff0c\u80cc\u5f8c\u767c\u751f\u4e86\u9019\u4e9b\u4e8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><span><code class=\"hljs\">\u4f60\u7684\u700f\u89bd\u5668\n   |\n   |  1. \u5148\u67e5\u672c\u6a5f\u5feb\u53d6\uff08\u4e4b\u524d\u67e5\u904e\u55ce\uff1f\uff09\n   |     \u2192 \u6c92\u6709\n   |\n   |  2. \u554f\u672c\u5730 DNS \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4f60\u7684 ISP\uff09\n   |     \u2192 \u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\n   |\n   |  3. \u554f\u6839\u57df\u540d\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\uff08Root Server\uff09\n   |     \u2192 \u300c.com \u7684\u4e8b\u53bb\u554f .com \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u300d\n   |\n   |  4. \u554f .com \u9802\u7d1a\u57df\u540d\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\uff08TLD Server\uff09\n   |     \u2192 \u300cexample.com \u7684\u4e8b\u53bb\u554f\u5b83\u7684\u6388\u6b0a\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u300d\n   |\n   |  5. \u554f example.com \u7684\u6388\u6b0a\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\uff08Authoritative Server\uff09\n   |     \u2192 \u300cwww.example.com \u7684 IP \u662f 93.184.216.34\u300d\n   |\n   |  6. \u62ff\u5230 IP\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u9023\u7dda\uff01\n   \u2193\n<\/code><\/span><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u767d\u8a71\u7ffb\u8b6f<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c31\u50cf\u554f\u8def\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u6307\u4e00\u500b\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u7e3d\u6703\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u627e\u5230\u4e4b\u5f8c\u6703<strong>\u8a18\u4f4f<\/strong>\uff08\u5feb\u53d6\uff09\uff0c\u4e0b\u6b21\u5c31\u4e0d\u7528\u518d\u554f\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4f60\u6703\u5728\u54ea\u88e1\u9047\u5230\u5b83<\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-6\" data-shcb-language-name=\"CSS\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"css\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-css\"># \u624b\u52d5\u67e5 <span class=\"hljs-selector-tag\">DNS<\/span>\uff08\u770b\u67d0\u500b\u57df\u540d\u5c0d\u61c9\u7684 <span class=\"hljs-selector-tag\">IP<\/span>\uff09\n<span class=\"hljs-selector-tag\">nslookup<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-selector-tag\">google<\/span><span class=\"hljs-selector-class\">.com<\/span>\n# \u6216\n<span class=\"hljs-selector-tag\">dig<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-selector-tag\">google<\/span><span class=\"hljs-selector-class\">.com<\/span>\n\n# \u56de\u50b3\u985e\u4f3c\uff1a\n# <span class=\"hljs-selector-tag\">google<\/span><span class=\"hljs-selector-class\">.com<\/span>.    300    <span class=\"hljs-selector-tag\">IN<\/span>    <span class=\"hljs-selector-tag\">A<\/span>    142<span class=\"hljs-selector-class\">.250<\/span><span class=\"hljs-selector-class\">.185<\/span><span class=\"hljs-selector-class\">.206<\/span>\n# \u2191 \u57df\u540d         \u2191 <span class=\"hljs-selector-tag\">TTL<\/span>(\u5feb\u53d6\u79d2\u6578)   \u2191 <span class=\"hljs-selector-tag\">IP<\/span> \u4f4d\u5740\n<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-6\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">CSS<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">css<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-7\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PHP\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"php\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-php\"><span class=\"hljs-comment\"># \u672c\u6a5f DNS \u8a2d\u5b9a\u6a94\uff08\u6709\u6642\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52d5\u6307\u5b9a DNS\uff09<\/span>\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\"># \/etc\/hosts \u6a94\u6848\u53ef\u4ee5\u624b\u52d5\u5c0d\u61c9\u57df\u540d\u548c IP<\/span>\n<span class=\"hljs-number\">127.0<\/span><span class=\"hljs-number\">.0<\/span><span class=\"hljs-number\">.1<\/span>    localhost\n<span class=\"hljs-number\">192.168<\/span><span class=\"hljs-number\">.1<\/span><span class=\"hljs-number\">.100<\/span>    my-local-server\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\"># \u2191 \u9019\u5c31\u662f\u6700\u7c21\u6613\u7684\u300c\u672c\u6a5f DNS\u300d<\/span>\n<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-7\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PHP<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">php<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">DNS \u5e38\u898b\u7d00\u9304\u985e\u578b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u7d00\u9304\u985e\u578b<\/th>\n<th>\u7528\u9014<\/th>\n<th>\u7bc4\u4f8b<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>A<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u57df\u540d \u2192 IPv4<\/td>\n<td><code>example.com \u2192 93.184.216.34<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>AAAA<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u57df\u540d \u2192 IPv6<\/td>\n<td><code>example.com \u2192 2606:2800:...<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>CNAME<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u57df\u540d \u2192 \u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u57df\u540d\uff08\u5225\u540d\uff09<\/td>\n<td><code>www.example.com \u2192 example.com<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>MX<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u90f5\u4ef6\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u6307\u5411<\/td>\n<td><code>example.com \u2192 mail.example.com<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5fc5\u770b\u61c2 vs \u77e5\u9053\u5c31\u597d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u5fc5\u770b\u61c2<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\n<li>DNS \u662f\u57df\u540d\u5230 IP \u7684\u7ffb\u8b6f\u670d\u52d9<\/li>\n\n\n<li>DNS \u67e5\u8a62\u6709\u5feb\u53d6\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u91cd\u65b0\u67e5<\/li>\n\n\n<li><code>nslookup<\/code> \u6216 <code>dig<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u624b\u52d5\u67e5 DNS<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u77e5\u9053\u5c31\u597d<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\n<li>DNS \u7684\u968e\u5c64\u5f0f\u67b6\u69cb\u7d30\u7bc0<\/li>\n\n\n<li>DNSSEC\uff08DNS \u5b89\u5168\u64f4\u5145\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n<li>DNS over HTTPS (DoH)<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. HTTP &#8212; \u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u548c\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u5c0d\u8a71\u898f\u5247<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6bd4\u55bb<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f60\u53bb\u9910\u5ef3\u5403\u98ef\u3002\u4f60\uff08\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\uff09\u8ddf\u670d\u52d9\u751f\uff08\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\uff09\u4e4b\u9593\u6709\u4e00\u5957\u6e9d\u901a\u898f\u5247\uff1a\u4f60\u770b\u83dc\u55ae<strong>\u9ede\u9910<\/strong>\uff08\u8acb\u6c42\uff09\uff0c\u670d\u52d9\u751f<strong>\u4e0a\u83dc<\/strong>\uff08\u56de\u61c9\uff09\u3002HTTP \u5c31\u662f\u7db2\u8def\u4e16\u754c\u88e1\uff0c\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u548c\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4e4b\u9593\u7684<strong>\u9ede\u9910\u898f\u5247<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">HTTP\uff08HyperText Transfer Protocol\uff09\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u8207\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4e4b\u9593<strong>\u600e\u9ebc\u4ea4\u63db\u8cc7\u6599<\/strong>\u3002\u6574\u500b\u904e\u7a0b\u5c31\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><span><code class=\"hljs\">\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\uff08\u700f\u89bd\u5668\/App\uff09                    \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\n       |                                  |\n       |--- HTTP \u8acb\u6c42\uff08\u6211\u8981\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff09--------&gt;|\n       |                                  |\n       |&lt;-- HTTP \u56de\u61c9\uff08\u7d66\u4f60\u6771\u897f + \u72c0\u614b\uff09--|\n       |                                  |\n<\/code><\/span><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6bcf\u6b21\u4f60\u5728\u700f\u89bd\u5668\u958b\u555f\u4e00\u500b\u7db2\u9801\uff0c\u80cc\u5f8c\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\uff08\u6216\u591a\u6b21\uff09HTTP \u8acb\u6c42\u548c\u56de\u61c9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">HTTP \u8acb\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u56db\u7a2e\u57fa\u672c\u52d5\u4f5c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u65b9\u6cd5<\/th>\n<th>\u7528\u9014<\/th>\n<th>\u9910\u5ef3\u6bd4\u55bb<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>GET<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u8b80\u53d6\u8cc7\u6599<\/td>\n<td>\u300c\u8acb\u7d66\u6211\u83dc\u55ae\u300d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>POST<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u65b0\u589e\u8cc7\u6599<\/td>\n<td>\u300c\u6211\u8981\u9ede\u4e00\u4efd\u725b\u6392\u300d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>PUT<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u66f4\u65b0\uff08\u8986\u84cb\uff09\u8cc7\u6599<\/td>\n<td>\u300c\u628a\u6211\u7684\u725b\u6392\u63db\u6210\u96de\u6392\u300d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>DELETE<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u522a\u9664\u8cc7\u6599<\/td>\n<td>\u300c\u53d6\u6d88\u90a3\u4efd\u96de\u6392\u300d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u500b HTTP \u8acb\u6c42\u9577\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6a23<\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-8\" data-shcb-language-name=\"HTTP\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"http\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-http\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">GET<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-string\">\/api\/users\/42<\/span> HTTP\/1.1\n<span class=\"hljs-attribute\">Host<\/span>: example.com\n<span class=\"hljs-attribute\">Accept<\/span>: application\/json\n<span class=\"hljs-attribute\">Authorization<\/span>: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUz...\n<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-8\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">HTTP<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">http<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u9010\u884c\u7ffb\u8b6f<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-9\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PHP\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"php\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-php\">GET \/api\/users\/<span class=\"hljs-number\">42<\/span> HTTP\/<span class=\"hljs-number\">1.1<\/span>       <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># \u7528 GET \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8981 \/api\/users\/42 \u9019\u500b\u8cc7\u6e90<\/span>\nHost: example.com                <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># \u5c0d\u8c61\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u662f example.com<\/span>\nAccept: application\/json         <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># \u6211\u60f3\u6536\u5230 JSON \u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u56de\u61c9<\/span>\nAuthorization: Bearer eyJ...     <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># \u9019\u662f\u6211\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u8b49\u660e\uff08token\uff09<\/span>\n<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-9\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PHP<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">php<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">HTTP \u72c0\u614b\u78bc\uff1a\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u56de\u8a71<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u56de\u61c9\u6642\u6703\u9644\u5e36\u4e00\u500b\u4e09\u4f4d\u6578\u7684<strong>\u72c0\u614b\u78bc<\/strong>\uff0c\u544a\u8a34\u4f60\u7d50\u679c\u5982\u4f55\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u7bc4\u570d<\/th>\n<th>\u610f\u601d<\/th>\n<th>\u5e38\u898b\u4ee3\u78bc<\/th>\n<th>\u767d\u8a71\u7ffb\u8b6f<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>2xx<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u6210\u529f<\/td>\n<td><code>200 OK<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u300c\u6c92\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u7d66\u4f60\u300d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code>201 Created<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u300c\u5df2\u5e6b\u4f60\u5efa\u7acb\u597d\u4e86\u300d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code>204 No Content<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u300c\u505a\u597d\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u6c92\u6771\u897f\u8981\u7d66\u4f60\u300d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>3xx<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u91cd\u65b0\u5c0e\u5411<\/td>\n<td><code>301 Moved Permanently<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u300c\u642c\u5bb6\u4e86\uff0c\u53bb\u65b0\u5730\u5740\u627e\u300d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code>304 Not Modified<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u300c\u8ddf\u4e0a\u6b21\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u7528\u5feb\u53d6\u5c31\u597d\u300d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>4xx<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u932f\u8aa4<\/td>\n<td><code>400 Bad Request<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u300c\u4f60\u7684\u8acb\u6c42\u6211\u770b\u4e0d\u61c2\u300d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code>401 Unauthorized<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u300c\u4f60\u8ab0\uff1f\u5148\u767b\u5165\u300d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code>403 Forbidden<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u300c\u6211\u77e5\u9053\u4f60\u662f\u8ab0\uff0c\u4f46\u4f60\u6c92\u6b0a\u9650\u300d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code>404 Not Found<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u300c\u67e5\u7121\u6b64\u4eba\/\u9801\u9762\u300d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code>429 Too Many Requests<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u300c\u4f60\u554f\u592a\u5feb\u4e86\uff0c\u6162\u4e00\u9ede\u300d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>5xx<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u932f\u8aa4<\/td>\n<td><code>500 Internal Server Error<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u300c\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u58de\u4e86\u300d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code>502 Bad Gateway<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u300c\u6211\u5f8c\u9762\u7684\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u58de\u4e86\u300d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code>503 Service Unavailable<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u300c\u6211\u5728\u7dad\u4fee\u4e2d\u300d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4f60\u6703\u5728\u54ea\u88e1\u9047\u5230\u5b83<\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-10\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PHP\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"php\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-php\"><span class=\"hljs-comment\"># AI \u5e6b\u4f60\u5beb\u7684 FastAPI \u8def\u7531<\/span>\n@app.get(<span class=\"hljs-string\">\"\/users\/{user_id}\"<\/span>)          <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># GET \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8b80\u53d6\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u8cc7\u6599<\/span>\nasync def get_user(user_id: int):\n    user = await db.get(user_id)\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if<\/span> not user:\n        raise HTTPException(status_code=<span class=\"hljs-number\">404<\/span>)  <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># \u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u5c31\u56de 404<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">return<\/span> user                               <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># \u627e\u5230\u5c31\u56de 200 + \u8cc7\u6599<\/span>\n\n@app.post(<span class=\"hljs-string\">\"\/users\/\"<\/span>)                  <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># POST \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u65b0\u589e\u4f7f\u7528\u8005<\/span>\nasync def create_user(user: UserCreate):\n    new_user = await db.create(user)\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">return<\/span> new_user                           <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># \u56de 201 Created<\/span>\n<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-10\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PHP<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">php<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-11\" data-shcb-language-name=\"JavaScript\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"javascript\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-javascript\"><span class=\"hljs-comment\">\/\/ AI \u5e6b\u4f60\u5beb\u7684\u524d\u7aef fetch \u8acb\u6c42<\/span>\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">const<\/span> response = <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">await<\/span> fetch(<span class=\"hljs-string\">\"\/api\/users\/42\"<\/span>, {\n  <span class=\"hljs-attr\">method<\/span>: <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"GET\"<\/span>,                    <span class=\"hljs-comment\">\/\/ \u8b80\u53d6\u8cc7\u6599<\/span>\n  <span class=\"hljs-attr\">headers<\/span>: {\n    <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"Content-Type\"<\/span>: <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"application\/json\"<\/span>,  <span class=\"hljs-comment\">\/\/ \u544a\u8a34\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u6211\u9001\u7684\u662f JSON<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"Authorization\"<\/span>: <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"Bearer xxx\"<\/span>        <span class=\"hljs-comment\">\/\/ \u5e36\u4e0a\u8eab\u4efd\u9a57\u8b49<\/span>\n  }\n});\n\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if<\/span> (response.ok) {                  <span class=\"hljs-comment\">\/\/ status 200-299 \u90fd\u7b97 ok<\/span>\n  <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">const<\/span> data = <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">await<\/span> response.json();\n} <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">else<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if<\/span> (response.status === <span class=\"hljs-number\">404<\/span>) {\n  <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">console<\/span>.log(<span class=\"hljs-string\">\"\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\"<\/span>);       <span class=\"hljs-comment\">\/\/ 404 = \u4e0d\u5b58\u5728<\/span>\n}\n<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-11\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">JavaScript<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">javascript<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">HTTP vs HTTPS<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">HTTPS \u5c31\u662f HTTP + <strong>\u52a0\u5bc6<\/strong>\uff08TLS\/SSL\uff09\u3002\u60f3\u50cf\u4f60\u5728\u9910\u5ef3\u9ede\u9910\u6642\uff0c\u7528\u5bc6\u8a9e\u8ddf\u670d\u52d9\u751f\u6e9d\u901a\uff0c\u65c1\u908a\u7684\u4eba\u807d\u4e0d\u61c2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u73fe\u5728\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7db2\u7ad9\u90fd\u61c9\u8a72\u7528 HTTPS\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u770b\u5230\u700f\u89bd\u5668\u7db2\u5740\u5217\u6709\u9396\u982d\u6a19\u793a\uff0c\u5c31\u662f HTTPS\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5fc5\u770b\u61c2 vs \u77e5\u9053\u5c31\u597d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u5fc5\u770b\u61c2<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\n<li>GET \u8b80\u53d6\u3001POST \u65b0\u589e\u3001PUT \u66f4\u65b0\u3001DELETE \u522a\u9664<\/li>\n\n\n<li>\u72c0\u614b\u78bc\u7684\u5927\u985e\uff1a2xx \u6210\u529f\u30014xx \u4f60\u7684\u932f\u30015xx \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u932f<\/li>\n\n\n<li>\u8acb\u6c42 = \u65b9\u6cd5 + \u8def\u5f91 + \u6a19\u982d + \u5167\u5bb9<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u77e5\u9053\u5c31\u597d<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\n<li>HTTP\/2 \u8207 HTTP\/3 \u7684\u5dee\u7570<\/li>\n\n\n<li>CORS\uff08\u8de8\u4f86\u6e90\u8cc7\u6e90\u5171\u7528\uff09\u7684\u7d30\u7bc0<\/li>\n\n\n<li>Content Negotiation<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5168\u5c40\u6d41\u7a0b\uff1a\u5f9e\u8f38\u5165\u7db2\u5740\u5230\u770b\u5230\u7db2\u9801<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u73fe\u5728\u628a\u56db\u500b\u6982\u5ff5\u4e32\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u7576\u4f60\u5728\u700f\u89bd\u5668\u8f38\u5165 <code>https:\/\/www.example.com\/about<\/code> \u6642\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><span><code class=\"hljs\">1. DNS \u89e3\u6790\n   \u700f\u89bd\u5668\u554f DNS\uff1a\u300cwww.example.com \u7684 IP \u662f\u591a\u5c11\uff1f\u300d\n   DNS \u56de\u7b54\uff1a\u300c93.184.216.34\u300d\n\n2. TCP \u9023\u7dda\n   \u700f\u89bd\u5668\u5c0d 93.184.216.34 \u7684 443 Port \u767c\u8d77\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\n   \uff08443 \u662f HTTPS \u7684\u9810\u8a2d Port\uff09\n\n3. TLS \u52a0\u5bc6\u63e1\u624b\n   \u96d9\u65b9\u4ea4\u63db\u52a0\u5bc6\u91d1\u9470\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u5b89\u5168\u901a\u9053\n\n4. HTTP \u8acb\u6c42\n   \u700f\u89bd\u5668\u9001\u51fa\uff1aGET \/about HTTP\/1.1\n\n5. HTTP \u56de\u61c9\n   \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u56de\u50b3\uff1a200 OK + \u7db2\u9801\u7684 HTML \u5167\u5bb9\n\n6. \u700f\u89bd\u5668\u6e32\u67d3\u7db2\u9801\n   \u4f60\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u9801\u9762\uff01\n<\/code><\/span><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9019\u6574\u500b\u904e\u7a0b\u901a\u5e38\u5728<strong>\u5e7e\u767e\u6beb\u79d2<\/strong>\u5167\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7cfb\u7d71\u8a2d\u8a08\u9762\u8a66\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u8003\u9019\u4e9b\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u7cfb\u7d71\u8a2d\u8a08\u9762\u8a66\u4e2d\uff0c\u9762\u8a66\u5b98\u4e0d\u6703\u76f4\u63a5\u554f\u4f60\u300cTCP \u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u300d\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5011\u671f\u671b\u4f60\u5728\u8a0e\u8ad6\u67b6\u69cb\u6642<strong>\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u9019\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\n<li>\u8a0e\u8ad6\u300c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc API \u56de\u61c9\u6162\u300d\u6642 \u2192 \u4f60\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u6bcf\u6b21\u8acb\u6c42\u90fd\u6709 DNS \u67e5\u8a62 + TCP \u63e1\u624b\u7684\u958b\u92b7<\/li>\n\n\n<li>\u8a2d\u8a08\u300c\u5373\u6642\u804a\u5929\u7cfb\u7d71\u300d\u6642 \u2192 \u4f60\u8981\u77e5\u9053 WebSocket \u57fa\u65bc TCP\uff0c\u800c\u975e HTTP \u7684\u8acb\u6c42\/\u56de\u61c9\u6a21\u5f0f<\/li>\n\n\n<li>\u8a0e\u8ad6\u300cCDN \u600e\u9ebc\u52a0\u901f\u300d\u6642 \u2192 \u4f60\u8981\u77e5\u9053 DNS \u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u5c0e\u5411\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u4f3a\u670d\u5668<\/li>\n\n\n<li>\u8655\u7406\u300c\u932f\u8aa4\u91cd\u8a66\u6a5f\u5236\u300d\u6642 \u2192 \u4f60\u8981\u77e5\u9053 5xx \u624d\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u8a66\uff0c4xx \u91cd\u8a66\u4e5f\u6c92\u7528<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vibe Coder \u6aa2\u67e5\u9ede<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7576\u4f60\u770b\u5230 AI \u5e6b\u4f60\u5beb\u7684\u7db2\u8def\u76f8\u95dc\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u6642\uff0c\u78ba\u8a8d\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5e7e\u9ede\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\n<li>[ ] <code>host=\"0.0.0.0\"<\/code> vs <code>host=\"127.0.0.1\"<\/code> &#8212; \u662f\u8981\u5c0d\u5916\u958b\u653e\u9084\u662f\u53ea\u9650\u672c\u6a5f\uff1f<\/li>\n\n\n<li>[ ] Port \u865f\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u8ddf\u5176\u4ed6\u670d\u52d9\u885d\u7a81\uff1f\uff08\u5e38\u898b\uff1a80\/HTTP\u3001443\/HTTPS\u30013000\/React\u30015432\/PostgreSQL\u30018080\/API\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n<li>[ ] HTTP \u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u7528\u5c0d\uff1f\u8b80\u53d6\u7528 GET\uff0c\u65b0\u589e\u7528 POST\uff0c\u5225\u641e\u6df7<\/li>\n\n\n<li>[ ] \u932f\u8aa4\u8655\u7406\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u5340\u5206 4xx \u548c 5xx\uff1f\u8a72\u91cd\u8a66\u7684\u91cd\u8a66\uff0c\u4e0d\u8a72\u91cd\u8a66\u7684\u986f\u793a\u932f\u8aa4\u8a0a\u606f<\/li>\n\n\n<li>[ ] API \u662f\u7528 HTTP \u9084\u662f HTTPS\uff1f\u751f\u7522\u74b0\u5883\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981 HTTPS<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u672c\u7bc7\u91cd\u9ede\u56de\u9867<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u6982\u5ff5<\/th>\n<th>\u4e00\u53e5\u8a71\u89e3\u91cb<\/th>\n<th>\u8a18\u61b6\u95dc\u9375\u5b57<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>IP Address<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u7db2\u8def\u4e0a\u7684\u9580\u724c\u865f\u78bc<\/td>\n<td>IPv4 \u5feb\u7528\u5b8c\uff0cIPv6 \u63a5\u73ed\u4e2d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>TCP\/IP<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u78ba\u4fdd\u8cc7\u6599\u5b8c\u6574\u9001\u9054\u7684\u5feb\u905e\u7cfb\u7d71<\/td>\n<td>\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u3001\u53ef\u9760\u50b3\u8f38<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>DNS<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u628a\u57df\u540d\u7ffb\u8b6f\u6210 IP \u7684\u96fb\u8a71\u7c3f<\/td>\n<td>\u57df\u540d \u2192 IP\uff0c\u6709\u5feb\u53d6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>HTTP<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u548c\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u5c0d\u8a71\u898f\u5247<\/td>\n<td>GET\/POST\/PUT\/DELETE\u3001\u72c0\u614b\u78bc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e0b\u4e00\u7bc7\u9810\u544a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u7cfb\u7d71\u8a2d\u8a08 20 \u6982\u5ff5\u3011#02<\/strong> \u5c07\u7e7c\u7e8c\u63a2\u7d22\u66f4\u591a\u7cfb\u7d71\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u7db2\u8def\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u5730\u57fa\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u624d\u80fd\u5f80\u4e0a\u84cb\u66f4\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u67b6\u69cb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"quiz-c80383c4\">\n<style>\n#quiz-c80383c4 .badge {\n        display: inline-block;\n        padding: 4px 10px;\n        border-radius: 12px;\n        font-size: 0.75em;\n        font-weight: bold;\n        margin-left: 8px;\n      }#quiz-c80383c4 .badge.scenario {\n        background: #ebf8ff;\n        color: #2b6cb0;\n      }#quiz-c80383c4 .badge.debug {\n        background: #fef3c7;\n        color: #92400e;\n      }#quiz-c80383c4 .question-adv {\n        background: white;\n        border-radius: 10px;\n        padding: 24px;\n        margin: 20px 0;\n        box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);\n        border-left: 4px solid #ed8936;\n      }#quiz-c80383c4 .question-adv h3 {\n        margin-top: 0;\n        color: #2d3748;\n      }#quiz-c80383c4 .code-block {\n        background: #1e1e1e;\n        color: #d4d4d4;\n        padding: 14px;\n        border-radius: 6px;\n        font-family: \"Menlo\", \"Monaco\", \"Courier New\", monospace;\n        font-size: 0.9em;\n        overflow-x: auto;\n        margin: 12px 0;\n        white-space: pre-wrap;\n      }#quiz-c80383c4 .options-adv {\n        list-style: none;\n        padding: 0;\n      }#quiz-c80383c4 .options-adv li {\n        padding: 14px 16px;\n        margin: 10px 0;\n        border: 2px solid #e2e8f0;\n        border-radius: 8px;\n        cursor: pointer;\n        transition: all 0.2s;\n      }#quiz-c80383c4 .options-adv li:hover:not(.disabled) {\n        border-color: #ed8936;\n        background: #fffaf0;\n      }#quiz-c80383c4 .options-adv li.disabled {\n        cursor: default;\n        opacity: 0.7;\n      }#quiz-c80383c4 .options-adv li.show-answer {\n        border-color: #48bb78;\n        background: #f0fff4;\n      }#quiz-c80383c4 .options-adv li.wrong {\n        border-color: #fc8181;\n        background: #fff5f5;\n      }#quiz-c80383c4 .feedback-adv {\n        margin-top: 16px;\n        padding: 14px;\n        border-radius: 8px;\n        display: none;\n        line-height: 1.6;\n      }#quiz-c80383c4 .feedback-adv.correct {\n        background: #f0fff4;\n        color: #276749;\n        display: block;\n      }#quiz-c80383c4 .feedback-adv.wrong {\n        background: #fff5f5;\n        color: #c53030;\n        display: block;\n      }#quiz-c80383c4 .feedback-adv \n      .score-adv {\n        text-align: center;\n        font-size: 1.4em;\n        padding: 24px;\n        background: white;\n        border-radius: 10px;\n        margin-top: 24px;\n        box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);\n      }#quiz-c80383c4 .intro {\n        background: #ebf8ff;\n        padding: 16px;\n        border-radius: 8px;\n        margin-bottom: 20px;\n        color: #2c5282;\n      }#quiz-c80383c4 .scenario-desc {\n        background: #f7fafc;\n        border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;\n        border-radius: 6px;\n        padding: 12px 16px;\n        margin: 10px 0;\n        line-height: 1.6;\n        color: #4a5568;\n      }\n<\/style>\n<h1>\u9032\u968e\u6e2c\u9a57\uff1a\u7db2\u8def\u57fa\u790e \u2014 IP Address\u3001TCP\/IP\u3001DNS\u3001HTTP<\/h1>\n    <div class=\"intro\">\n      <strong>\u6e2c\u9a57\u76ee\u6a19\uff1a<\/strong>\u9a57\u8b49\u4f60\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u5728\u5be6\u969b\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u61c9\u7528\u6240\u5b78\u3002<br \/>\n      \u5171 5 \u984c\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u60c5\u5883\u984c\u8207\u932f\u8aa4\u8a3a\u65b7\u984c\u3002\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- \u60c5\u5883\u984c 1 -->\n    <div class=\"question-adv\" id=\"qAdv1\">\n      <h3>1. \u4f60\u90e8\u7f72\u4e86\u4e00\u500b API \u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u4f46\u5916\u90e8\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u7121\u6cd5\u5b58\u53d6 <span class=\"badge scenario\">\u60c5\u5883\u984c<\/span><\/h3>\n      <div class=\"scenario-desc\">\n        \u4f60\u7528 AI \u751f\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u500b Flask API \u4e26\u90e8\u7f72\u5230\u96f2\u7aef\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u3002\u5728\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4e0a\u7528 <code>curl localhost:5000<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u5e38\u5b58\u53d6\uff0c\u4f46\u5f9e\u4f60\u7684\u7b46\u96fb\u9023\u5230\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u516c\u958b IP \u6642\u537b\u9023\u4e0d\u4e0a\u3002\u4f60\u6aa2\u67e5\u4e86\u9632\u706b\u7246\uff0c\u78ba\u8a8d port 5000 \u5df2\u958b\u653e\u3002\n      <\/div>\n      <p>AI \u5e6b\u4f60\u751f\u6210\u7684\u555f\u52d5\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n      <div class=\"code-block\">app.run(host=&#8221;127.0.0.1&#8243;, port=5000)<\/div>\n      <p>\u6700\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u8207\u4fee\u6b63\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f<\/p>\n      <ul class=\"options-adv\">\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswerAdv(1, 'A', 'B')\">A. Port 5000 \u88ab\u5176\u4ed6\u670d\u52d9\u5360\u7528\uff0c\u6539\u7528 port 8080<\/li>\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswerAdv(1, 'B', 'B')\">B. <code>host=\"127.0.0.1\"<\/code> \u53ea\u76e3\u807d\u672c\u6a5f\uff0c\u6539\u70ba <code>host=\"0.0.0.0\"<\/code> \u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u5916\u90e8\u9023\u7dda<\/li>\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswerAdv(1, 'C', 'B')\">C. Flask \u4e0d\u652f\u63f4\u9060\u7aef\u9023\u7dda\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6539\u7528 FastAPI<\/li>\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswerAdv(1, 'D', 'B')\">D. \u9700\u8981\u5148\u8a2d\u5b9a DNS \u7d00\u9304\u5c07\u57df\u540d\u6307\u5411\u4f3a\u670d\u5668 IP<\/li>\n      <\/ul>\n      <div class=\"feedback-adv\" id=\"fbAdv1\"><\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- \u60c5\u5883\u984c 2 -->\n    <div class=\"question-adv\" id=\"qAdv2\">\n      <h3>2. \u4f60\u6b63\u5728\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e00\u500b\u5373\u6642\u591a\u4eba\u904a\u6232\u7684\u901a\u8a0a\u67b6\u69cb <span class=\"badge scenario\">\u60c5\u5883\u984c<\/span><\/h3>\n      <div class=\"scenario-desc\">\n        \u4f60\u7684\u904a\u6232\u9700\u8981\u6bcf\u79d2\u50b3\u9001\u73a9\u5bb6\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7d66\u5176\u4ed6\u73a9\u5bb6\u3002\u5076\u723e\u4e1f\u5931\u4e00\u5169\u500b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5c01\u5305\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\uff08\u4e0b\u4e00\u500b\u5c01\u5305\u99ac\u4e0a\u5c31\u6703\u66f4\u65b0\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u5ef6\u9072\u5fc5\u9808\u76e1\u53ef\u80fd\u4f4e\u3002\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u904a\u6232\u5167\u7684\u8cfc\u8cb7\u4ea4\u6613\u5fc5\u9808\u78ba\u4fdd\u8cc7\u6599\u5b8c\u6574\u9001\u9054\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u907a\u5931\u3002\n      <\/div>\n      <p>\u95dc\u65bc\u901a\u8a0a\u5354\u5b9a\u7684\u9078\u64c7\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u54ea\u500b\u65b9\u6848\u6700\u5408\u9069\uff1f<\/p>\n      <ul class=\"options-adv\">\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswerAdv(2, 'A', 'C')\">A. \u5168\u90e8\u4f7f\u7528 TCP\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u8981\u4fdd\u8b49\u6240\u6709\u8cc7\u6599\u90fd\u9001\u9054<\/li>\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswerAdv(2, 'B', 'C')\">B. \u5168\u90e8\u4f7f\u7528 UDP\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u904a\u6232\u9700\u8981\u4f4e\u5ef6\u9072<\/li>\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswerAdv(2, 'C', 'C')\">C. \u4f4d\u7f6e\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7528 UDP\uff08\u4f4e\u5ef6\u9072\u3001\u4e1f\u4e86\u6c92\u95dc\u4fc2\uff09\uff0c\u8cfc\u8cb7\u4ea4\u6613\u7528 TCP\uff08\u5fc5\u9808\u5b8c\u6574\u9001\u9054\uff09<\/li>\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswerAdv(2, 'D', 'C')\">D. \u4f4d\u7f6e\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7528 TCP\uff0c\u8cfc\u8cb7\u4ea4\u6613\u7528 UDP\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ea4\u6613\u8cc7\u6599\u91cf\u5c0f\u3001\u901f\u5ea6\u5feb<\/li>\n      <\/ul>\n      <div class=\"feedback-adv\" id=\"fbAdv2\"><\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- \u60c5\u5883\u984c 3 -->\n    <div class=\"question-adv\" id=\"qAdv3\">\n      <h3>3. API \u56de\u61c9\u6162\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5224\u65b7\u74f6\u9838\u5728\u54ea\u4e00\u5c64 <span class=\"badge scenario\">\u60c5\u5883\u984c<\/span><\/h3>\n      <div class=\"scenario-desc\">\n        \u4f60\u7684\u524d\u7aef\u61c9\u7528\u547c\u53eb\u5f8c\u7aef API \u6642\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8acb\u6c42\u9700\u8981 3 \u79d2\u624d\u6536\u5230\u56de\u61c9\uff0c\u4f46\u4e4b\u5f8c\u7684\u8acb\u6c42\u53ea\u9700\u8981 200 \u6beb\u79d2\u3002\u4f60\u61f7\u7591\u662f DNS \u6216 TCP \u9023\u7dda\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u958b\u92b7\u3002\n      <\/div>\n      <p>\u6839\u64da\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u8acb\u6c42\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u54ea\u500b\u5206\u6790\u6700\u6e96\u78ba\uff1f<\/p>\n      <ul class=\"options-adv\">\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswerAdv(3, 'A', 'B')\">A. \u662f HTTP \u65b9\u6cd5\u9078\u932f\u4e86\uff0cGET \u6bd4 POST \u6162\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u5168\u90e8\u6539\u7528 POST<\/li>\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswerAdv(3, 'B', 'B')\">B. \u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8acb\u6c42\u9700\u8981 DNS \u89e3\u6790 + TCP \u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b + TLS \u63e1\u624b\uff0c\u5f8c\u7e8c\u8acb\u6c42\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5feb\u53d6\u548c\u6301\u7e8c\u9023\u7dda\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5feb\u5f88\u591a<\/li>\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswerAdv(3, 'C', 'B')\">C. \u662f\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u555f\u52d5\u8f03\u6162\uff0c\u8ddf DNS \u548c TCP \u7121\u95dc<\/li>\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswerAdv(3, 'D', 'B')\">D. \u662f IPv4 \u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u6539\u7528 IPv6 \u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u6c7a\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8acb\u6c42\u6162\u7684\u72c0\u6cc1<\/li>\n      <\/ul>\n      <div class=\"feedback-adv\" id=\"fbAdv3\"><\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- \u932f\u8aa4\u8a3a\u65b7\u984c 1 -->\n    <div class=\"question-adv\" id=\"qAdv4\">\n      <h3>4. \u524d\u7aef\u6536\u5230 403 Forbidden\uff0c\u4f46\u958b\u767c\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u672a\u767b\u5165\u7684\u554f\u984c <span class=\"badge debug\">\u932f\u8aa4\u8a3a\u65b7<\/span><\/h3>\n      <div class=\"scenario-desc\">\n        \u5c0f\u660e\u7684\u524d\u7aef\u61c9\u7528\u5728\u547c\u53eb API \u6642\u6536\u5230 <code>403 Forbidden<\/code>\u3002\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f token \u904e\u671f\u5c0e\u81f4\u672a\u767b\u5165\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u5728\u932f\u8aa4\u8655\u7406\u4e2d\u628a 403 \u7576\u6210\u300c\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u767b\u5165\u300d\u4f86\u8655\u7406\uff1a\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"code-block\">if (response.status === 403) {\n  \/\/ \u91cd\u65b0\u5c0e\u5411\u5230\u767b\u5165\u9801\u9762\n  window.location.href = &#8220;\/login&#8221;;\n}<\/div>\n      <p>\u9019\u500b\u932f\u8aa4\u8655\u7406\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u554f\u984c\uff1f<\/p>\n      <ul class=\"options-adv\">\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswerAdv(4, 'A', 'C')\">A. \u61c9\u8a72\u7528 <code>response.ok<\/code> \u4f86\u5224\u65b7\uff0c\u4e0d\u8a72\u76f4\u63a5\u6aa2\u67e5 status \u6578\u5b57<\/li>\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswerAdv(4, 'B', 'C')\">B. 403 \u662f\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u986f\u793a\u300c\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7dad\u4fee\u4e2d\u300d\u7684\u63d0\u793a<\/li>\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswerAdv(4, 'C', 'C')\">C. 403 \u8868\u793a\u300c\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u77e5\u9053\u4f60\u662f\u8ab0\uff0c\u4f46\u4f60\u6c92\u6709\u6b0a\u9650\u300d\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u672a\u767b\u5165\u3002\u672a\u767b\u5165\u61c9\u8a72\u662f 401\u3002\u91cd\u65b0\u767b\u5165\u4e0d\u6703\u89e3\u6c7a\u6b0a\u9650\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u554f\u984c<\/li>\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswerAdv(4, 'D', 'C')\">D. 403 \u548c 401 \u662f\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u8655\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u6c92\u6709\u554f\u984c<\/li>\n      <\/ul>\n      <div class=\"feedback-adv\" id=\"fbAdv4\"><\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- \u932f\u8aa4\u8a3a\u65b7\u984c 2 -->\n    <div class=\"question-adv\" id=\"qAdv5\">\n      <h3>5. API \u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u932f\u8aa4\u7684 HTTP \u65b9\u6cd5 <span class=\"badge debug\">\u932f\u8aa4\u8a3a\u65b7<\/span><\/h3>\n      <div class=\"scenario-desc\">\n        AI \u5e6b\u5c0f\u83ef\u751f\u6210\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b API \u8def\u7531\u4f86\u522a\u9664\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u3002\u524d\u7aef\u547c\u53eb\u5f8c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u78ba\u5be6\u88ab\u522a\u9664\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u5c0f\u83ef\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\u5728\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u5be9\u67e5\u6642\u6307\u51fa\u6709\u554f\u984c\uff1a\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"code-block\">@app.post(&#8220;\/users\/{user_id}\/delete&#8221;)\nasync def delete_user(user_id: int):\n    await db.delete(user_id)\n    return {&#8220;message&#8221;: &#8220;deleted&#8221;}<\/div>\n      <p>\u9019\u6bb5\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u7684\u554f\u984c\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u6700\u4f73\u4fee\u6b63\u65b9\u5f0f\u70ba\u4f55\uff1f<\/p>\n      <ul class=\"options-adv\">\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswerAdv(5, 'A', 'B')\">A. \u61c9\u8a72\u4f7f\u7528 GET \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u522a\u9664\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u67e5\u8a62\u52d5\u4f5c<\/li>\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswerAdv(5, 'B', 'B')\">B. \u61c9\u8a72\u4f7f\u7528 DELETE \u65b9\u6cd5\u642d\u914d\u8def\u5f91 <code>\/users\/{user_id}<\/code>\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u7528 POST + \u8def\u5f91\u4e2d\u5beb delete<\/li>\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswerAdv(5, 'C', 'B')\">C. \u61c9\u8a72\u4f7f\u7528 PUT \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u522a\u9664\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u300c\u66f4\u65b0\u72c0\u614b\u300d<\/li>\n        <li onclick=\"checkAnswerAdv(5, 'D', 'B')\">D. \u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u6c92\u6709\u554f\u984c\uff0cPOST \u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u65bc\u6240\u6709\u64cd\u4f5c<\/li>\n      <\/ul>\n      <div class=\"feedback-adv\" id=\"fbAdv5\"><\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"score-adv\" id=\"scoreAdv\" style=\"display:none;\"><\/div>\n<script>\n\n      let answeredAdv = 0;\n      let correctAdv = 0;\n      const totalAdv = 5;\n      const explanationsAdv = {\n        1: \"<br><br><strong>\u89e3\u6790\uff1a<\/strong><code>127.0.0.1<\/code>\uff08localhost\uff09\u53ea\u76e3\u807d\u672c\u6a5f\u7684\u8ff4\u8def\u4ecb\u9762\uff08loopback\uff09\uff0c\u5916\u90e8\u8a2d\u5099\u5b8c\u5168\u7121\u6cd5\u9023\u5165\u3002\u6539\u70ba <code>0.0.0.0<\/code> \u5c31\u80fd\u76e3\u807d\u6240\u6709\u7db2\u8def\u4ecb\u9762\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5916\u90e8 IP\u3002\u9019\u662f\u90e8\u7f72\u6642\u975e\u5e38\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u958b\u767c\u74b0\u5883\u7528 127.0.0.1 \u65b9\u4fbf\u53c8\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0a\u7dda\u6642\u5fc5\u9808\u6539\u6210 0.0.0.0\u3002Port \u88ab\u5360\u7528\u6703\u986f\u793a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u8a0a\u606f\uff0cDNS \u8a2d\u5b9a\u8207\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528 IP \u76f4\u9023\u7121\u95dc\u3002\",\n        2: \"<br><br><strong>\u89e3\u6790\uff1a<\/strong>TCP \u548c UDP \u5404\u6709\u9069\u7528\u5834\u666f\u3002\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8cc7\u8a0a\u9019\u985e\u9ad8\u983b\u7387\u3001\u5141\u8a31\u4e1f\u5931\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u9069\u5408 UDP\uff08\u4f4e\u5ef6\u9072\u3001\u4e0d\u91cd\u50b3\uff09\uff1b\u8cfc\u8cb7\u4ea4\u6613\u662f\u91d1\u6d41\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u7528 TCP \u78ba\u4fdd\u5b8c\u6574\u9001\u9054\u3002\u5168\u90e8\u7528 TCP \u6703\u8b93\u4f4d\u7f6e\u66f4\u65b0\u56e0\u91cd\u50b3\u6a5f\u5236\u800c\u7522\u751f\u5ef6\u9072\uff1b\u5168\u90e8\u7528 UDP \u5247\u53ef\u80fd\u907a\u5931\u4ea4\u6613\u8cc7\u6599\u3002\u6df7\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u662f\u5be6\u969b\u904a\u6232\u958b\u767c\u4e2d\u7684\u5e38\u898b\u505a\u6cd5\u3002\",\n        3: \"<br><br><strong>\u89e3\u6790\uff1a<\/strong>\u6839\u64da\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u8acb\u6c42\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5b58\u53d6\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u57df\u540d\u9700\u8981\u7d93\u904e\uff1a(1) DNS \u89e3\u6790 (2) TCP \u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b (3) TLS \u52a0\u5bc6\u63e1\u624b (4) HTTP \u8acb\u6c42\/\u56de\u61c9\u3002\u5f8c\u7e8c\u8acb\u6c42\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528 DNS \u5feb\u53d6\uff08\u4e0d\u7528\u91cd\u65b0\u67e5\uff09\u548c HTTP \u6301\u7e8c\u9023\u7dda\uff08Keep-Alive\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528\u91cd\u65b0\u63e1\u624b\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u660e\u986f\u66f4\u5feb\u3002HTTP \u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u4e0d\u5f71\u97ff\u9023\u7dda\u901f\u5ea6\uff0cIPv4\/IPv6 \u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u6162\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\",\n        4: \"<br><br><strong>\u89e3\u6790\uff1a<\/strong>401 Unauthorized \u548c 403 Forbidden \u662f\u5169\u500b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u78bc\u3002401 \u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u300c\u4f60\u8ab0\uff1f\u5148\u767b\u5165\u300d\uff0c\u6b64\u6642\u91cd\u65b0\u5c0e\u5411\u5230\u767b\u5165\u9801\u9762\u662f\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u3002403 \u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u300c\u6211\u77e5\u9053\u4f60\u662f\u8ab0\uff0c\u4f46\u4f60\u6c92\u6709\u6b0a\u9650\u300d\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u5df2\u901a\u904e\u8eab\u4efd\u9a57\u8b49\uff0c\u4f46\u5c0d\u8a72\u8cc7\u6e90\u6c92\u6709\u5b58\u53d6\u6b0a\u9650\u3002\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u8655\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u986f\u793a\u300c\u4f60\u6c92\u6709\u6b0a\u9650\u5b58\u53d6\u6b64\u8cc7\u6e90\u300d\u7684\u63d0\u793a\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u8981\u6c42\u91cd\u65b0\u767b\u5165\uff08\u767b\u5165\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6703\u6539\u8b8a\u6b0a\u9650\uff09\u3002403 \u5c6c\u65bc 4xx \u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f 5xx \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u932f\u8aa4\u3002\",\n        5: \"<br><br><strong>\u89e3\u6790\uff1a<\/strong>HTTP \u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u8a9e\u610f\uff1aGET \u8b80\u53d6\u3001POST \u65b0\u589e\u3001PUT \u66f4\u65b0\u3001DELETE \u522a\u9664\u3002\u522a\u9664\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u61c9\u8a72\u7528 <code>@app.delete(\\\"\/users\/{user_id}\\\")<\/code>\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7528 POST \u65b9\u6cd5\u52a0\u4e0a\u628a\u52d5\u4f5c\u5beb\u5728\u8def\u5f91\u88e1\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u7528 POST \u6280\u8853\u4e0a\u4e5f\u80fd\u904b\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u9055\u53cd\u4e86 RESTful API \u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u6163\u4f8b\uff0c\u6703\u8b93\u5176\u4ed6\u958b\u767c\u8005\u56f0\u60d1\uff0c\u4e5f\u8b93 API \u6587\u4ef6\u96e3\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u3002GET \u7d55\u5c0d\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\u7528\u65bc\u6709\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u5982\u522a\u9664\uff09\uff0cPUT \u8a9e\u610f\u662f\u300c\u8986\u84cb\u66f4\u65b0\u300d\u800c\u975e\u522a\u9664\u3002\"\n      };\n\n      function checkAnswerAdv(qNum, selected, correctAns) {\n        const question = document.getElementById(\"qAdv\" + qNum);\n        if (question.classList.contains(\"answered\")) return;\n\n        question.classList.add(\"answered\");\n        answeredAdv++;\n\n        const options = question.querySelectorAll(\".options-adv li\");\n        options.forEach((opt) => {\n          opt.classList.add(\"disabled\");\n          if (opt.textContent.startsWith(correctAns + \".\")) {\n            opt.classList.add(\"show-answer\");\n          }\n        });\n\n        const feedback = document.getElementById(\"fbAdv\" + qNum);\n        if (selected === correctAns) {\n          correctAdv++;\n          feedback.className = \"feedback-adv correct\";\n          feedback.innerHTML = \"&#10003; \u6b63\u78ba\uff01\" + explanationsAdv[qNum];\n        } else {\n          feedback.className = \"feedback-adv wrong\";\n          feedback.innerHTML =\n            \"&#10007; \u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u6b63\u78ba\u7b54\u6848\u662f \" + correctAns + \"\u3002\" + explanationsAdv[qNum];\n          options.forEach((opt) => {\n            if (opt.textContent.startsWith(selected + \".\")) {\n              opt.classList.add(\"wrong\");\n            }\n          });\n        }\n\n        if (answeredAdv === totalAdv) {\n          const scoreDiv = document.getElementById(\"scoreAdv\");\n          scoreDiv.style.display = \"block\";\n          let msg = \"\";\n          if (correctAdv === totalAdv) msg = \"&#127919; \u5b8c\u7f8e\uff01\u4f60\u5df2\u7d93\u6e96\u5099\u597d\u5be6\u6230\u4e86\uff01\";\n          else if (correctAdv >= Math.ceil(totalAdv * 0.8))\n            msg = \"&#128170; \u5f88\u68d2\uff01\u518d\u8907\u7fd2\u4e00\u4e0b\u932f\u7684\u984c\u76ee\";\n          else if (correctAdv >= Math.ceil(totalAdv * 0.6))\n            msg = \"&#128214; \u5efa\u8b70\u91cd\u8b80\u76f8\u95dc\u6bb5\u843d\u5f8c\u518d\u8a66\u4e00\u6b21\";\n          else msg = \"&#128260; \u5efa\u8b70\u91cd\u65b0\u95b1\u8b80\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u6ce8\u610f\u64cd\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\";\n          scoreDiv.innerHTML =\n            \"\u6e2c\u9a57\u5b8c\u6210\uff01\u5f97\u5206\uff1a\" + correctAdv + \" \/ \" + totalAdv + \"<br>\" + msg;\n        }\n      }\n    \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6e2c\u9a57\uff1a\u7db2\u8def\u57fa\u790e \u2014 IP Address\u3001TCP\/IP\u3001DNS\u3001HTTP \u5171 5 \u984c\uff0c\u9ede\u9078\u7b54\u6848\u5f8c\u6703\u7acb\u5373\u986f\u793a\u7d50\u679c 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